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Effective acid recovery from rare earth stripping solution by diffusion dialysis

Wed, 31 Dec 2025 16:00:00 GMT

The consumption of substantial alkali and emission of high-salinity wastewater during the precipitation step of stripping solutions in rare earth (RE) element extraction processes remain critical challenges. This study proposes an energy-efficient and environmentally benign diffusion dialysis (DD) process for separating H+ and rare earth ions (RE3+) in simulated rare earth stripping solutions. Six commercial anion exchange membranes (AEMs) were first evaluated for separating RECl3/HCl mixtures. The dense AEM with single polyethylene terephthalate string structure (M6) demonstrated the optimal DD performance for H+ and RE3+ separation. Among three typical RE3+ ions with different radii (i.e., Y3+, La3+, and Yb3+), the M6 AEM exhibited the lowest selectivity between H+ and La3+, which is correlated with the higher tendency of La3+ hydrated ions to dehydrate during transmembrane transfer. Under optimized operation conditions (feed solution: 0.2 mol L− 1 HCl and 0.25 mol L− 1 La3+), the DD process using the M6 AEM achieved an H+ recovery rate of 69.77 % and a La3+ leakage rate of 0.05769 % with a H+/La3+ selectivity of 5519.2. Importantly, the M6 AEM maintained consistently stable DD performance for separation of H+ and RE3+ ions over a 30-cycle consecutive operation in the stimulated rare earth stripping solution containing typical organic pollutants (i.e., P507 and sulfonated kerosene), showing an impressive antifouling property. This study provides an insightful guideline for practical acid recovery from the rare earth stripping solutions.
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「Open Access」Exploring specialized metabolic pathways in medicinal plants with single-cell and spatial omics

Guo Li; Miaomiao Cai; Xinhao Liao; GuangLei Ma; Xiaohui Fan — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 16:00:00 GMT

Medicinal plants synthesize an immense diversity of specialized metabolites that play crucial roles in ecological interactions and serve as valuable pharmaceutical resources. However, the biosynthetic pathways responsible for this chemical diversity remain largely uncharacterized. These pathways are often complex, involving multiple steps that are spatially and temporally orchestrated within highly specialized or rare cell types. Classical bulk omics approaches obscure such cellular heterogeneity by averaging signals across tissues, limiting their utility in resolving cell-specific metabolic processes. Recent advances in single-cell and spatial omics technologies have revolutionized the ability to investigate plant metabolism at high spatiotemporal resolution, as exemplified by monoterpene indole alkaloids and Taxol biosynthesis. In this review, we highlight key technological advances in plant single-cell and spatial omics, examine their applications in pathway discovery and partitioning, and discuss emerging directions for harnessing these tools in plant synthetic biology and metabolic engineering. These developments promise to accelerate the systemic mapping of plant metabolic networks and facilitate their biotechnological exploitation for pharmaceutical development.
「Open Access」DOAJ

Synergistic catalysis of high- and low-valence Pt sites facilitates water activation for efficient CVOCs degradation with byproducts suppression

Wed, 31 Dec 2025 16:00:00 GMT

Electron transfer effect can promote H2O activation by regulating water activation sites concentration and electron cloud density around active sites. However, achieving rational control over electron transfer effect and understanding its relationship with chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) degradation under humid conditions remains a formidable challenge. Here, we create electron-rich Pt species that simultaneously enhance CVOCs degradation and effectively inhibit toxic polychlorinated byproducts. Experimental results show that strong electron transfer effect from V to Pt enriches Pt electron density, increasing Pt0/Pt2+ ratios. Pt0 is the key species for water activation. H2O activation generates a large number of protons, which promote C-Cl bond cleavage and surface Cl species removal. Meanwhile, oxygen molecules activated by Pt2+ and the active hydroxyl groups facilitate deep oxidation of CVOCs. Optimal Pt0/Pt2+ ratios sustain water activation while preventing active species overconsumption. This study provides a feasible strategy for efficient degradation of CVOCs under humid conditions.
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「Open Access」Multimodal deep learning for cancer prognosis prediction with clinical information prompts integration

Jiaxin Hou; Ranran Zhang; Yaoqin Xie; Chao Li; Wenjian Qin — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 16:00:00 GMT

Survival prediction is crucial for guiding cancer treatment and evaluating therapeutic efficacy. However, tumor heterogeneity presents challenges of accurate prognosis.Multimodal learning,which integrates data from imaging, genomics, and clinical records, offers a promising approach for this complex task. While recent studies mainly focus on imaging and genomic data, clinical information, which reflecting patients’ overall health, remains underutilized due to its discrete, sparse, and low-dimensional characteristics. We propose SurvPGC, an integrated model combining pathology images, genomic data and clinical records for cancer prognosis. Clinical information is transformed into high-dimensional vectors using text templates and foundation models, enabling their integration through a cross-attention module. Validation on three datasets of The Cancer Genome Atlas demonstrated that the model effectively captures modality-specific features, with attention visualization revealing distinct focus areas across data types. This highlights the importance of incorporating diverse information sources for improved survival prediction.
「Open Access」DOAJ
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「Open Access」从北朝历算看鲜卑族融入中华民族共同体

郭世荣 — Mon, 29 Dec 2025 16:00:00 GMT

鲜卑族发源于东北，渐强于北方，公元三世纪晚期至公元六世纪间，曾在中国北方建立十个地方政权，其中实力强盛的是北朝之北魏、东魏、西魏、北齐和北周。在汉族文化的影响下，北朝鲜卑族积极主动地融入中华民族共同体。北朝的历算发展十分引人注目。本文梳理了北朝官方历算学的发展过程，并透过北朝历法演进的历史，观察鲜卑族融入中华民族共同体的过程，进而形成以下认识：鲜卑族直接瞄准中原历算文化的基本问题，主动接受、传承和发展中华历算文化。鲜卑族与汉族学者共同研究，推动历算事业的发展，显示了各民族亲如一家的深厚情谊。北朝广泛吸收南朝历算成果，南北朝共同传承与延续了中华传统历算文化，北朝历算发展的过程体现了明显的民族融合过程。
「Open Access」期刊官网

高原藏族人群血细胞比容与静息状态下低血氧饱和度的非线性关系分析

郭义梅; 李荣会; 拉巴次仁; 闫琦 — Sun, 28 Dec 2025 16:00:00 GMT

目的：了解高原藏族人群血细胞比容（HCT）与静息状态下低血氧饱和度的关系。方法：采用回顾性队列研究，纳入2023年1月至2024年10月西藏自治区人民医院3075例行择期非心胸外科手术的藏族成年住院患者。通过多因素logistic回归分析患者HCT与静息状态下低血氧饱和度（脉搏血氧饱和度低于88%）的关联，并采用限制性立方样条探索其非线性关系。通过分段logistic回归结合最大似然估计法识别HCT阈值。结果：多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，HCT增加是患者发生低血氧饱和度的独立危险因素：HCT每增加5个百分点，患者低血氧饱和度风险升高12%（P<0.01）。限制性立方样条模型显示，HCT与低血氧饱和度风险呈显著U形关联（P<0.01）。在全人群中，HCT阈值为42.8%。当HCT低于42.8%时，其每增加5个百分点，患者低血氧饱和度风险降低22%（OR=0.780，95%CI：0.619~0.982，P<0.05）；当HCT为42.8%及以上时，其每增加5个百分点，患者低血氧饱和度风险升高27.2%（OR=1.272，95%CI：1.132~1.429，P<0.01）。分层分析显示，女性患者的HCT阈值为40.4%，而男性患者的阈值较高（46.6%）。结论：高原藏族人群HCT与静息状态下低血氧饱和度存在U形关联，HCT超过阈值时提示高原适应性红细胞生成反应可能产生由“代偿”向“损伤”转化。
维普

Improving the thermal stability of trans-epoxysuccinate hydrolase

Wenna BAO; Jinfeng YAO; Haifeng PAN; Ronglin ZHU; Xinying LI; Hongxiu LIAO — Sun, 21 Dec 2025 16:00:00 GMT

This study used molecular dynamics simulations,B-factor analysis,and saturation mutagenesis screening to enhance the thermal stability of the trans-epoxysuccinate hydrolase(TESH)derived from Pseudomonas koreensis.Eleven mutants that influence this characteristic were selected,yielding four mutants with improved activity.Among them,mutants A142C and S178Q exhibited lower Michaelis constant(Km)values,and their a/Km ratios(kcat,catalytic constant)were 3.7 and 0.9 times higher than those of the wild type,respectively.The values of half-life at 50℃(T 52)of the two mutants were increased by 107%and 59%,respectively,compared to the wild type.Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations indicated that the two mutants showed stronger substrate interaction,lower binding energy,and reduced root mean square deviation compared to the wild type,along with decreased electrostatic potential energy and increased hydrophobicity near their mutation sites.The study of protein thermal stability engineering and associated mechanisms provides a valuable reference and holds practical significance for the industrial production of meso-tartaric acid.
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Regulation of T cell exhaustion and stemness:molecular mechanisms and implications for cancer immunotherapy

Zeyu Chen; Ziang Zhu; Taidou Hu; Chen Yao; Tuoqi Wu — Thu, 18 Dec 2025 16:00:00 GMT

T cells are central components of the adaptive immune system and play key roles in antitumor and antiviral responses.The diverse cell fates of T cells enable them to respond to different durations and strengths of antigen stimulation and various cytokine milieus in a context-dependent manner.During acute infection or vaccination,T cells differentiate into effector cells and later develop into memory cells after antigen clearance,which mediate immune protection against the same antigen.In contrast,during cancer and chronic infection,T cells fail to enter the canonical effector or memory cell differentiation path.Instead,antigen-specific T cells enter a dysfunctional,partially responsive state called exhaustion.Exhausted T cells are heterogeneous.A subset of exhausted T cells exhibits stem cell-like properties.These stem-like T cells sustain immunity through self-renewal and repopulation of terminally differentiated progenies.Stem-like properties are critical for T cell immunity induced by immunotherapy.This review summarizes recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms controlling the exhaustion and stemness of T cells and explores the potential of rewiring these circuits to increase the efficiency of T-cell-based immunotherapy.
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「Open Access」单轴双向水平循环荷载作用下海上风电嵌岩单桩变形特性分析

嵩贺兴; 孙逸然; 王金玺; 刘俊伟; 姜全民; 代邢可 — Sun, 14 Dec 2025 16:00:00 GMT

目的海上风电作为清洁可再生能源的重要发展方向，对破解全球能源困局、驱动“双碳”目标进程具有深远意义，海上风电嵌岩桩基服役期间承受风、浪、流等水平循环荷载作用，其变形机理尚不明确。***方法通过开展单轴双向水平循环荷载下风电嵌岩单桩水平循环加载现场试验，重点研究嵌岩单桩桩顶水平位移、试验桩水平位移、桩身弯矩、桩周岩石抗力及嵌岩单桩循环 p - y 曲线的演化规律。***结果研究表明：嵌岩单桩的水平极限承载力测定值为 60 kN，随着水平分级荷载逐级增加，桩顶转角逐渐增大，呈典型的长弹性桩破坏模式；桩顶水平位移随着循环加载次数增加呈 “迅速增加－缓慢波动”变化趋势；不同埋深位置处桩身水平位移累积主要集中在前100次循环，随着循环加载次数增加，桩身水平位移累积由浅层岩体位置逐渐向深层岩体位置传递；嵌岩单桩循环 p - y 曲线变化分“弹性－弹塑性－稳定”3个阶段变化。***结论提出嵌岩单桩在长期水平循环荷载下桩顶水平位移预测公式，可用于分析嵌岩单桩长期循环累积变形特性，基于循环 p - y 曲线构建风电嵌岩单桩循环受荷分析方法，可为现行风电嵌岩桩设计规范的优化提供理论依据和技术支撑。
「Open Access」期刊官网

「Open Access」绿色电力溯源体系研究与优化

李威武; 刘正英; 许青; 徐铭; 李树德 — Mon, 01 Dec 2025 16:00:00 GMT

目的新时代背景下，我国处于能源结构转型的关键阶段，尤其是在化石能源消费的限制及向“双控”制度的过渡中，可再生能源成为能源结构转型的关键支柱。现行的绿色电力溯源体系仍面临着如市场交易复杂、用户需求多样、供需偏差问题严重等诸多挑战。***方法为了解决当前绿色电力溯源体系存在的问题，文章深入分析现有的绿电溯源体系及市场机制所面临的需求与挑战。重点关注提升计算平均溯源方法比例系数获取的精度。为此，文章引入社会平均电源结构，作为一种更加科学合理的平均溯源方案，以确保绿色电力的来源与使用之间的有效对应关系。具体而言，通过对特定区域内各种类型发电源的比例进行系统分析，能够提供更加准确的电力来源数据。此外，文章还提出改进的证电分离的溯源方法，旨在有效提升绿色电力市场的透明度和数据追踪的规范性。这种方法将有助于确保市场参与者对绿色电力的理解和信任，推动市场的发展。***结果通过引入社会平均电源结构和改进的证电分离的溯源方法，文章研究的结果表明，这些改进能够显著提升绿色电力市场的透明度，增强数据追踪的准确性，确保市场参与者对绿色电力的理解和信任。***结论改进后的绿电溯源体系能够有效推动可再生能源产业的高质量发展，为实现“双控”目标提供有力支持，进而增强市场的公平性和用户的信任度。
「Open Access」期刊官网
维普